Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a primarily mosquito-borne, multi-species zoonotic viral disease of which the causative organism, Rift Valley fever virus, was first isolated in the early 1930s in the Rift Valley in Kenya.   It is the cause of severe disease in small stock resulting in high mortality and abortion storms particularly in sheep and goats.
Rift Valley fever is a good example of a disease where the principles of the One Health concept are applicable.  Proper studies or control strategies of Rift Valley fever required a more integrated or holistic approach to human, animal and ecosystem health and collaborative efforts of multidisciplinary teams working nationally and internationally. The expected environmental or ecosystem changes in large parts of Africa as a results of climate change may well have a significant bearing on the ecology or epidemiology of the disease and frequency of outbreaks in animals and humans.